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![American mistletoe (Phorandendron leucarpum) in trees in southeastern US](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1640149312895-3RWMRFQJVXW6AXUYS866/F85E8875-BC86-4D50-A5C0-AC206E0AFF33.jpeg)
![American mistletoe is a hemiparasitic plant that contains its own chlorophyll and stomata (at 400x)](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1640030540715-ULABCBYZEVG8N1GFX1PC/108EC984-0368-417E-B591-EB298AC46EE7.jpeg)
![Female flowers and developing fruit at 20x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639994285653-LD7CZC240JPIOWYUJYEP/2BBEE7A2-4B7F-4B1B-BFE8-21FD9FB486A2.jpeg)
![Mistletoe berries during winter](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979346807-5L0FE4FAPN89UOO4I6UR/IMG_2885.jpeg)
![Mistletoe berries sticking to an oak tree branch, possibly close to germination](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639995037646-DE79XG4P1Z7LUIDS57BL/9332BEF0-E028-4325-B193-704D5719C4C0.jpeg)
![American mistletoe germinating and growing on trees](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1641442438803-DQPR7DDGZJLOYGR5XW4V/404EC9CF-A93E-4F39-8E90-AA8D0E9C25FF.jpeg)
![Mistletoe haustoria penetrating tree branch](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639980702141-HQIG3PYZKCAJ4W2A5BD1/E240F502-3A1B-4AF0-99B4-5B83D9607390.jpeg)
![Wedge shaped mistletoe haustoria or "sinkers" penetrating tree branch bark and wood at 20x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979339578-GULVJZYV1HHYEX20NAH1/IMG_2826.jpeg)
![Beechdrop plant (Epifagus virginiana) with seeds, paratisizing beech tree roots in southeastern US during winter](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1641454408493-0MDA744AHV15G671BL8L/914C0A23-B30D-4BC2-B246-1E9DE50AA46D.jpeg)
![American beech tree (Fagus grandiflora), a tree commonly parasitized by the epifagus plant](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979352504-5O70IH6IVAIK0HBQZ67B/IMG_1610.jpeg)
![Beechdrop plant cells which lack green chlorophyll and stomata at 400x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1640032054854-TRVNH3WYW6F7SCVMUCZ4/IMG_1666.jpeg)
![Beechdrop splash cup with seeds at 20x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979353449-FMGHQ4EAO6DJJYF4JWEI/IMG_1655.jpeg)
![Beechdrop seeds at 40x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979354529-TI0RUG9O43333G6W32AC/IMG_1659.jpeg)
![Snow plants (Sarcodes sanguinea) in Yosemite National Park](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979357464-4ROE1HC6I7XM1TDA6SQC/IMG_6951.jpeg)
![Snow plants are myco-heterotrophic plants that lack chlorophyll](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979345377-YSZV0XAC1B86EFBXK75S/IMG_6948.jpeg)
![A snow plant feeds by stealing nutrients through a "cheating" relationship with a mycorrhizal fungi that is symbiotically connected to a tree's roots such as a pine tree shown here](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979337324-WOO3KV7HLG844A12DB72/IMG_7194.jpeg)
![Fertilized snow plant flowers turning into seeds](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979343263-M4EDOXSTP8Y2ECQ0TE5F/IMG_6955.jpeg)
![Sliced open flower showing fertilized, swollen ovary](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979359368-BKN11R22MI3NWUMCUQDP/IMG_6958.jpeg)
![Indian paintbrush (Castilleja miniata) in Yosemite National Park](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639993016043-MJT55LHH6E6F7PO5B7ZM/IMG_6731.jpeg)
![Indian paintbrush is a hemiparasitic plant that parasitizes the roots of other herbaceous plants such as grasses](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639995292892-VJQT01TEV3AACKBKMBLR/IMG_6734.jpeg)
![A parasitic plant called a leafless wintergreen (Pyrola) in Yosemite National Park (There is still much uncertainty and debate about the parasitism of this particular plant)](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1639979355905-TGGGORPC09291DK1QPB5/IMG_7266.jpeg)
![Fiveangled Dodder plant (Cuscuta pentagona) covering Japanese Hops in southeastern US](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993146345-2YUQ4M5VIEV1A16LC7NC/IMG_3926.jpeg)
![Yellow parasitic Dodder plant near river bank](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993149711-YJTVJYYTDSCNJRJSZNY0/IMG_3898.jpeg)
![Dodder plant wrapping itself around plant host](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993137812-JLI7KK6PTJRGYYMQ7Z9M/IMG_3899.jpeg)
![Dodder vines covering host stem at 10x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993150611-EOYHMPIAHHCZSUX4B8E5/IMG_3923.jpeg)
![Modified roots called haustoria begin to swell towards host stem at 10x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993141958-YJJ7ELSDKMM469JDKDOK/IMG_3919.jpeg)
![Haustoria at 20x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993143996-E5HOR5AT6IXBE04DN3JD/IMG_3945.jpeg)
![Attached haustoria at 20x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993154649-E9RKO0EMDY439BI2ERF3/IMG_3942.jpeg)
![Dodder haustoria penetrate host plant tissue and begin parasitizing water and nutrients at 20x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993155747-UBQ52ESKXYSNTKT09H1S/IMG_3944.jpeg)
![IMG_3946.jpeg](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993156761-2GDAIN1TZ0JCIBOZOMKG/IMG_3946.jpeg)
![Host plant stem cross section showing penetrating Dodder haustoria at 20x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993140950-OCVASXIR4IL6RDC1ICBT/IMG_3949.jpeg)
![IMG_3950.jpeg](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993158923-GIU8WZ3BT3XXDTWXHUT1/IMG_3950.jpeg)
![Penetrating Dodder haustoria at 100x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993160056-R0QTEYB8BJND4YQKGM7H/IMG_3956.jpeg)
![Penetrating haustoria at 400x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993143032-9YBQ02KBAMNPMW02WJ6A/IMG_3959.jpeg)
![IMG_3963.jpeg](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993153436-VZK0R6FGYWGFDBN1BM88/IMG_3963.jpeg)
![Dodder vine cells showing no chloroplasts or photosynthetic green chlorophyll at 100x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993140078-H560ZRXWM9SU63XE1LD4/IMG_3970.jpeg)
![Dodder cells showing yellow pigment at 400x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993161121-5A3S0DZ4IFPOZMBQNSB8/IMG_3973.jpeg)
![Dodder plant flowering](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993152536-K12R09M07UZOEVBQWBN3/IMG_3902.jpeg)
![Dodder plant flowers at 10x](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/57b4355cbe65942bdfc8d605/1659993138861-SSS59YG9AXW3376BJ1D1/IMG_3911.jpeg)